Dr. Fredrik Hacklin

Short bio

Fredrik Hacklin is a lecturer at the Chair of Entrepreneurship, Department of Management, Technology and Economics (D-MTEC) at ETH Zurich, heading research activities of the group. During 2007-2009, Fredrik was associate with Booz & Company (formerly Booz Allen Hamilton), focusing on strategic renewal for ICT industry clients. In 2006, he was visiting scholar at the Scandinavian Consortium for Organizational Research (SCANCOR) at Stanford University, USA.

His research interests gravitate around novel forms of innovation and entrepreneurship, which challenge established industry boundaries for technology-intensive firms. He has published his results in various journals and is author of the book “Management of convergence in innovation” (Springer 2008). In 2009, he received the annual research award by the Alcatel-Lucent Foundation for Communications Research, for his work on convergence in innovation.

Fredrik holds a Ph.D. in management, technology and economics from ETH Zurich, Switzerland, and an M.Sc. in computer science from KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden, with undergraduate studies (Vordiplom) in computer science and physics from RWTH Aachen, Germany. He is a member of the Academy of Management, the Strategic Management Society, the Strategic Planning Society and the European Academy of Management.

Research interests

• Innovation and entrepreneurship
• Industry boundary-spanning change
• Convergence in innovation
• Business model and ecosystem renewal

Teaching activities

• Introduction to marketing (351-0403-00G, FT 2009, 2010, 2011), with Martin Wallin
• Economics and innovation of high tech entrepreneurship (351-0796-00S, ST 2010), with Massimo G. Colombo, Cristina Rossi Lamastra, Georg von Krogh
• Innovation, knowledge and value creation (351-0410-01S, ST 2010), with Martin Wallin, Magnus Holmén, Joakim Björkdahl
• Discovering entrepreneurship (351-0778-00L, ST 2010), module on marketing; Discovering management (351-0778-00L, FT 2011), introduction session, with Pius Baschera et al.
• Climate-KIC Summer School (an initiative of the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT), Zurich module, August 2010), module on marketing strategy, with Tuomas Rautanen
• Mobile Entrepreneurship (351-0429-00L, FT 2011), with Juliana Sutanto
• Managing innovation, Luxembourg Business Academy, Université du Luxembourg (semester 3, block B2, 2010/11, 2011/12), with Martin Wallin and Stefan Haefliger

Publications

Articles in refereed journals

• H. Garriga, E. Aksüyek, F. Hacklin, G. von Krogh (2012). Exploring social preferences in private-collective innovation. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 113-127.
• F. Hacklin, M. Wallnöfer (2012). The business model in the practice of strategic decision making: insights from a case study. Management Decision, Vol. 50, No. 2, pp. 166-188.
• F. Hacklin, C. Marxt, F. Fahrni (2010). An evolutionary perspective on convergence: inducing a stage model of inter-industry innovation. International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 49, Nos. 1/2/3, pp. 220-249.
• F. Hacklin, C. Marxt, F. Fahrni (2009). Coevolutionary cycles of convergence: an extrapolation from ICT industry. Technology Forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 76, No. 6, pp. 723-736.
• F. Hacklin, M. Inganäs, A. Plüss, C. Marxt (2009). Core rigidities in the innovation process: a structured benchmark on knowledge management challenges. International Journal of Technology Management, Vol. 45, No. 3/4, pp. 244-266.
• M. Inganäs, F. Hacklin, C. Marxt (2009). Sponsored, contract and collaborative research: a framework for science-industry knowledge transfer. International Journal of Technology Transfer and Commercialisation, Vol. 8, No. 2/3, pp. 203-228.
• F. Hacklin, C. Marxt, F. Fahrni (2006). Strategic venture partner selection for collaborative innovation in production systems: A decision support system-based approach. International Journal of Production Economics, Vol. 104, No. 1, pp. 100-112.
• M. Inganäs, F. Hacklin, A. Plüss, C. Marxt (2006). Knowledge management with focus on the innovation process in collaborative networking companies. International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations, Vol. 3, No. 3, pp. 283-298.
• F. Hacklin, V. Raurich, C. Marxt (2005). Implications of technological convergence on innovation trajectories: the case of ICT industry. International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management, Vol. 2, No. 3, pp. 313-330.
• C. Marxt, F. Hacklin (2005). Design, product development, innovation: all the same in the end? A short discussion on terminology. Journal of Engineering Design, Vol. 16, No. 4, pp. 413-421.

Books and chapters

• F. Hacklin (2009). Catching the next convergence wave: lessons from a continuous discontinuity. In: Alcatel-Lucent Stiftung (Ed.), Mensch, Technik, Kommunikation: Beiträge zur Informatisierung in Gesellschaft, Recht, Ökonomie und Technik, Alcatel-Lucent Stiftung für Kommunikationsforschung, Stuttgart, 2009, ISBN 978-3-00-028947-7, pp. 213-235.
• F. Hacklin (2008). Management of convergence in innovation: strategies and capabilities for value creation beyond blurring industry boundaries. Springer (Contributions to Management Science Series), ISBN 9783790819892.
• C. Marxt, F. Hacklin (eds.) (2008). Business Excellence in technologieorientierten Unternehmen, Springer, ISBN 9783540738800.
• F. Hacklin, C. Marxt, M. Inganäs (2007). Technology acquisition through convergence: the role of dynamic capabilities. In: M. Hörlesberger, M. El-Nawawi, T. Khalil (eds.), Challenges in the Management of New Technologies (Management of Technology Vol. 1), World Scientific Publishing, Singapore, ISBN 9812708553, pp. 211-225.
• J. Edelmann, J. Koivuniemi, F. Hacklin, R. Stevens (2006). New perspectives on mobile service development. In: B. Preissl, J. Müller (Eds.), Governance of Communication Networks: Connecting Societies and Markets within IT, Physica (Springer), Heidelberg, 2006, ISBN 3790817457, pp. 295-308.

Conference papers and proceedings

• F. Hacklin, M. Wallin, E. Aksüyek and G. von Krogh (2011). Teaming up for changing the field: the impact of scientist team composition on technological convergence. In: 31th Annual International Conference, Strategic Management Society, Miami, USA, November 6-9, 2011.
• D. Klang and F. Hacklin (2011). Co-development of business model and product market strategy in turbulent environments. In: 31th Annual International Conference, Strategic Management Society, Miami, USA, November 6-9, 2011.
• M. Wallnöfer, D. Klang, F. Hacklin (2011). What is the 'Gestalt' of the business model? A systematic review of an emerging concept. In: Academy of Management, 71st Annual Meeting, San Antonio, Texas, USA, August, 12-16, 2011.
• F. Hacklin, M. Wallin, G. von Krogh (2010). Exploring the micro-foundations of tacit and explicit knowledge integration. In: 30th Annual International Conference, Strategic Management Society, Rome, Italy, September 12-15, 2010.
• F. Hacklin (2010). Convergence and innovation: the conflict of organizational perspective. In: 26th EGOS Colloquium, European Group for Organizational Studies (EGOS), Lisbon, Portugal, June 28–July 3, 2010.
• D. Klang, M. Wallnöfer, F. Hacklin (2010). The anatomy of the business model: a syntactical review and research agenda. In: DRUID summer conference on "Opening Up Innovation: Strategy, Organization and Technology", Imperial College London Business School, UK, June 16-18, 2010.
• F. Hacklin, D. Klang (2010). Value appropriation for convergence: the quest for boundary-spanning business models. In: Knowledge in Organizations Conference at Monte Verità, Ascona, Switzerland, May 30-June 3, 2010.
• F. Hacklin, M. W. Wallin, G. von Krogh (2010). Exploring the micro-foundations of tacit and explicit knowledge integration: A measurement model. In: Knowledge in Organizations Conference at Monte Verità, Ascona, Switzerland, May 30-June 3, 2010.
• F. Hacklin, D. Klang (2010). Innovating business models for convergence: appropriating value at blurring industry boundaries. In: European Academy of Management (EURAM) Annual Conference, Rome, Italy, May 19-22, 2010.
• F. Hacklin, C. Marxt, F. Fahrni (2007). Coevolutionary cycles of convergence: will "NBT" become the next ICT? In: Proceedings of the PICMET'07 Conference on "Management of Converging Technologies", Portland, Oregon, USA, August 5-9, 2007, Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET).
• M. Inganäs, C. Marxt, F. Hacklin (2006). SME absorptive capacity: the role of organizational practices. In: 14th International Working Seminar on Production Economics, Innsbruck, Austria, February 20-24, 2006.
• A. Nyström, F. Hacklin (2005). Operator value creation through technological convergence: the case of VoIP. In: International Telecommunications Society (ITS), 16th European Regional Conference, September 4-6, 2005, Porto, Portugal.
• F. Hacklin, N. Adamsson, C. Marxt, M. Norell (2005). Design for convergence: managing technological partnerships and competencies across and within industries. In: A. Samuel, W. Lewis (Eds.), Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED'05), August 15-18, 2005, Melbourne, Australia, Design Society, DS 35, ISBN 0-85825-788-2.
• F. Hacklin, M. Inganäs, A. Plüss, C. Marxt (2005). Knowledge management in design collaboration processes: toward a rationale for enabling disruptive innovation. In: A. Samuel, W. Lewis (Eds.), Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED'05), August 15-18, 2005, Melbourne, Australia, Design Society, DS 35, ISBN 0-85825-788-2.
• M. Inganäs, F. Hacklin, A. Blauenstein, C. Marxt (2005). Measuring performance of design alliances. In: A. Samuel, W. Lewis (Eds.), Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED'05), August 15-18, 2005, Melbourne, Australia, Design Society, DS 35, ISBN 0-85825-788-2.
• M. Inganäs, F. Hacklin, A. Blauenstein, C. Marxt (2005). From resource-based to alliance-based design: evaluating and planning competencies for innovation. In: A. Samuel, W. Lewis (Eds.), Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED'05), August 15-18, 2005, Melbourne, Australia, Design Society, DS 35, ISBN 0-85825-788-2.
• F. Hacklin, C. Marxt, M. Inganäs (2005). Open-up or shake-out: managing technological convergence through value networks. In: Proceedings of the PICMET'05 Conference, Portland, Oregon, USA, July 31 - August 4, 2005, Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET).
• F. Hacklin, J-P Bergman, A-G Nyström, C. Marxt, A. Jantunen (2005). Knowledge convergence through interdisciplinary capabilities: fostering disruptive innovation in deconstructed value creation environments. In: Proceedings of the PICMET'05 Conference, Portland, Oregon, USA, July 31 - August 4, 2005, Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET).
• F. Hacklin, M. Inganäs, A. Plüss, C. Marxt (2005). Core rigidities in the innovation process: a structured benchmark on knowledge management challenges . In: Proceedings of the 16th ISPIM Annual Conference, Porto, Portugal, 19-22 June 2005.
• F. Hacklin, C. Marxt, M. Inganäs (2005). Technology acquisition through convergence: the role of dynamic capabilities. In: T. Khalil (Ed.), Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Management of Technology, May 22-26, 2005, Vienna, Austria, International Association for Management of Technology (IAMOT), ISBN 0-9712964-7-2.
• F. Hacklin, M. Inganäs, C. Marxt, A. Plüss (2005). Current trends and strategic approaches in innovation-oriented knowledge management: insights from a cross-case analysis. In: T. Khalil (Ed.), Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Management of Technology, May 22-26, 2005, Vienna, Austria, International Association for Management of Technology (IAMOT), ISBN 0-9712964-7-2.
• M. Inganäs, F. Hacklin, C. Marxt, A. Plüss (2005). Assessing practices in innovation-oriented knowledge management: a process-based approach. In: T. Khalil (Ed.), Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Management of Technology, May 22-26, 2005, Vienna, Austria, International Association for Management of Technology (IAMOT), ISBN 0-9712964-7-2.
• F. Hacklin, V. Raurich, C. Marxt (2004). How incremental innovation becomes disruptive: the case of technology convergence. In: M. Xie, T. S. Durrani, H. K. Tang (Eds.), Proceedings of the IEEE International Engineering Management Conference, 18-21 October 2004, Singapore, vol. 1, pp. 32-36, doi:10.1109/IEMC.2004.1407070, ISBN 0-7803-8519-5.
• C. Marxt, F. Hacklin, C. Röthlisberger, T. Schaffner (2004). End-to-end innovation: extending the stage-gate model into a sustainable collaboration framework. In: M. Xie, T. S. Durrani, H. K. Tang (Eds.), Proceedings of the IEEE International Engineering Management Conference, 18-21 October 2004, Singapore, vol. 3, pp. 963-967, doi:10.1109/IEMC.2004.1408834, ISBN 0-7803-8519-5.
• J. Edelmann, J. Koivuniemi, F. Hacklin, R. Stevens (2004). New perspectives on mobile service development. In: International Telecommunications Society (ITS), 15th Biennial Conference, September 5-7, 2004, Berlin, Germany.
• F. Hacklin, K. Lopperi, J.-P. Bergman, C. Marxt (2004). Toward an integrated knowledge management cycle in cumulative open innovation networks. In: Proceedings of The R&D Management Conference 2004 (RADMA), July 7-9 2004, Sesimbra, Portugal.
• F. Hacklin, C. Marxt (2004). Decision support for strategic partner selection in collaborative design and innovation. In: D. Marjanovic (ed.), Proceedings of the Design 2004 / 8th International Design Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, May 17-20, 2004, Design Society, vol. 3, pp. 1403-1408, ISBN 953-6313-59-6.
• C. Marxt, F. Hacklin (2004). Design, product development, innovation: all the same in the end? A short discussion on terminology. In: D. Marjanovic (ed.), Proceedings of the Design 2004 / 8th International Design Conference, Dubrovnik, Croatia, May 17-20, 2004, Design Society, vol. 1, pp. 377-382, ISBN 953-6313-59-6, (best paper award).
• F. Hacklin, C. Marxt, F. Fahrni (2004). Technology partner selection for collaborative innovation in production systems: a decision support system based approach. In: 13th International Working Seminar on Production Economics, Igls/Innsbruck, Austria, February 16-20, 2004, pre-prints, vol. 4, pp. 115-124.
• F. Hacklin, C. Marxt (2003). Assessing R&D management strategies for wireless applications in a converging environment. In: Proceedings of The R&D Management Conference 2003 (RADMA), July 7-9 2003, Manchester, England, ISBN 0-9540016-4-8.
• A. Backholm, F. Hacklin (2002). Estimating the 3G convergence effect on the future role of application-layer mobile middleware solutions: scenarios and strategies for business application providers in 3G and beyond. In: Proceedings of the 2002 International Conference on Third Generation Wireless and Beyond (3Gwireless'02), World Wireless Congress, San Francisco/Silicon Valley, CA, USA, ISSN 1529-2592, May 28-31, 2002, pp. 74-79.

Miscellaneous

• F. Hacklin, D. Klang, P. Baschera (2012). Die Mauer muss weg. impulse wissen, spring 2012, article on our research on business models for digital convergence (interview).
• F. Hacklin, P. Baschera (2010). Schwindende Industriegrenzen erfordern neue Strukturen. io new management, Nr. 4, April 2010.
• F. Hacklin (2008). Konvergenz und Innovation: Wenn Industriegrenzen verschwinden (Gastbeitrag). Inside VCH Nr. 20, VCH Investment Group AG, Frankfurt am Main
• F. Hacklin (2007). Management of convergence in innovation: strategic capability development through coevolutionary cycles of industry upheaval. Dissertation, ETH Zurich (Diss. ETH Nr. 16967).
• F. Hacklin (2001). A 3G Convergence Strategy for Mobile Business Middleware Solutions: Applications and Implications. Master's thesis, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Dept. of Microelectronics and Information Technology, Stockholm, Helsinki, September, 2001, 183 pages.

Press

• K. Lindström (2010). Affärsmodell viktigare än bransch. Interview in Computer Sweden, a daily newspaper on IT, telecom and business, 5.10.2010.
• C. Marxt, F. Hacklin (2004). Wenn man zusammenspannen muss: Kooperationen verlangen ähnliche Unternehmenskulturen. Neue Zürcher Zeitung, 23.11.2004, Vol. 225, No. 274, page B9 (Sonderbeilage Innovation).
• F. Hacklin (2001). Ege sopii euron lempinimeksi, Helsingin Sanomat, Mielipide, 28.10.2001.

Presentations and talks

• F. Hacklin (2012). Management of convergence in innovation. Invited lecture, Keio University, Graduate School of System Design and Management, Yokohama, Japan, April 2012.
• F. Hacklin, M. Wallin, E. Aksüyek, G. von Krogh (2012). Disentangling individual heterogeneity: 
How teams of scientists integrate unrelated knowledge
. PhD seminar, Keio University, Graduate School of System Design and Management, Yokohama, Japan, April 2012.
• F. Hacklin, M. Wallin, E. Aksüyek, G. von Krogh (2012). Disentangling individual heterogeneity: 
How teams of scientists integrate unrelated knowledge
. Business Engineering Lab seminar, Keio University, Graduate School of System Design and Management, Yokohama, Japan, April 2012.
• F. Hacklin (2012). Convergence in innovation. Keynote address, CEO roundtable, Swiss Business Hub India Roadshow on "Driving Growth through Innovation in Transformed Europe – Focus on High-tech Niches in Manufacturing, Renewable Energy and IT Sectors", Bangalore, India, March 2012.
• F. Hacklin (2012). Convergence in innovation. Keynote address, CEO roundtable, Swiss Business Hub India Roadshow on "Driving Growth through Innovation in Transformed Europe – Focus on High-tech Niches in Manufacturing, Renewable Energy and IT Sectors", Chennai, India, March 2012.
• D. Klang and F. Hacklin (2011). Co-development of business model and product market strategy in turbulent environments. In: 31th Annual International Conference, Strategic Management Society, Miami, USA, November 6-9, 2011.
• F. Hacklin (2011). Learning: Networks and Architectures. Session chair, track 1, Knowledge and innovation, 31th Annual International Conference, Strategic Management Society, Miami, USA, November 6-9, 2011.
• F. Hacklin (2011). Consulting - easy cash or serious work? Panel discussion moderator, AMIV Kontakt recruiting fair, ETH Zürich, October 2011.
• F. Hacklin (2011). Strategic entrepreneurship: how can established organizations innovate like garage firms? Eufex sijoitusakatemia, Kongresshaus Zürich, Switzerland, September 2011.
• F. Hacklin (2011). Building and managing absorptive capacity. Session chair, track "Absorptive capacity", TIM division, Academy of Management, 71st Annual Meeting, San Antonio, Texas, USA, August, 12-16, 2011.
• F. Hacklin (2011). Kollision oder Konvergenz? Wenn Wissen und Technologien zusammenfliessen. Alcatel-Lucent Lectures, Universität Stuttgart, Germany, May 2011.
• F. Hacklin (2011). Strategic entrepreneurship: trends of organizational renewal from within and beyond. Endress+Hauser, "Methods of innovation" symposium, Weil am Rhein, Germany, March 2011.
• F. Hacklin (2010). From collision to convergence: rethinking innovation beyond industry boundaries. Technia PLM Innovation Forum, Break-Out Sessions for Telecom and Electronics, Stockholm, Sweden, September 2010.
• F. Hacklin, M. Wallin, G. von Krogh (2010). Exploring the micro-foundations of tacit and explicit knowledge integration. 30th Annual International Conference, Strategic Management Society, Rome, Italy, September 12-15, 2010.
• F. Hacklin (2010). Knowledge sharing and integration. Session chair, track 1, Knowledge and innovation, 30th Annual International Conference, Strategic Management Society, Rome, Italy, September 12-15, 2010.
• F. Hacklin (2010). When the industry isn't yours anymore: technological convergence and implications for managing knowledge. "Management and Innovation" Symposium, University Consortium Pori / Tampere University of Technology, Finland, September 2010.
• F. Hacklin (2010). Convergence and innovation: the conflict of organizational perspective. 26th EGOS Colloquium, European Group for Organizational Studies (EGOS), Lisbon, Portugal, June 28–July 3, 2010.
• F. Hacklin, M. W. Wallin, G. von Krogh (2010). Exploring the micro-foundations of tacit and explicit knowledge integration: A measurement model. Knowledge in Organizations Conference at Monte Verità, Ascona, Switzerland, May 30-June 3, 2010.
• F. Hacklin, D. Klang (2010). Innovating business models for convergence: appropriating value at blurring industry boundaries. European Academy of Management (EURAM) Annual Conference, Rome, Italy, May 19-22, 2010.
• F. Hacklin (2010). Convergence & entrepreneurship: Auf der Suche nach industrieübergreifenden Geschäftsmodellen. Baden-Württemberg:Connected (bwcon), Venture Capital Roundtable, Haus der Wirtschaft, Stuttgart, April 2010.
• F. Hacklin (2010). Capturing the blurring boundary: a management perspective on convergence in ICT. Wireless@KTH, Seminar Series, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), School of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Stockholm, March 2010.
• F. Hacklin, P. Baschera (2009). Entrepreneurship research and education: bridging theory and practice. Global Venture Lab Network, Inaugural meeting, UC Berkeley, Center for Entrepreneurship and Technology (CET), November 2009.
• F. Hacklin (2009). Innovation in der konvergenten Ökonomie. Stiftungsfeier, Forschungspreis Technische Kommunikation, Alcatel-Lucent Stiftung für Kommunikationsforschung, Stuttgart, Oktober 2009.
• F. Hacklin (2009). Capturing the blurring boundary: how convergence changes the rules for innovating an industry. Network society workshop, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology (HIIT), May 2009.
• F. Hacklin (2008). Management of convergence in innovation: strategic implications and guidelines. Converging technologies workshop, Danish Technological Institute (DTI), Copenhagen, October 2008.
• F. Hacklin (2008). Management of convergence in innovation: an introduction. Converging technologies workshop, Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT), Helsinki, Finland, September 2008.
• F. Hacklin (2006). Managing convergence in innovation: presentation of research project. SCANCOR seminar on organizational research, Stanford University, March 2006.
• F. Hacklin, N. Adamsson, C. Marxt, M. Norell (2005). Design for convergence: managing technological partnerships and competencies across and within industries. 15th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED'05), Design Society, Melbourne, Australia, August 2005.
• F. Hacklin, M. Inganäs, A. Plüss, C. Marxt (2005). Knowledge management in design collaboration processes: toward a rationale for enabling disruptive innovation. 15th International Conference on Engineering Design (ICED'05), Design Society, Melbourne, Australia, August 2005.
• F. Hacklin, C. Marxt, M. Inganäs (2005). Technology acquisition through convergence: the role of dynamic capabilities. 14th International Conference on Management of Technology, International Association for Management of Technology (IAMOT), Vienna, Austria, May 2005.
• F. Hacklin, M. Inganäs, C. Marxt, A. Plüss (2005). Current trends and strategic approaches in innovation-oriented knowledge management: insights from a cross-case analysis. 14th International Conference on Management of Technology, International Association for Management of Technology (IAMOT), Vienna, Austria, May 2005.
• M. Inganäs, F. Hacklin, C. Marxt, A. Plüss (2005). Assessing practices in innovation-oriented knowledge management: a process-based approach. 14th International Conference on Management of Technology, International Association for Management of Technology (IAMOT), Vienna, Austria, May 2005.
• F. Hacklin, V. Raurich, C. Marxt (2004). How incremental innovation becomes disruptive: the case of technology convergence. IEEE International Engineering Management Conference, IEEE Engineering Management Society (EMS), Singapore, October 2004.
• F. Hacklin, C. Marxt (2004). Decision support for strategic partner selection in collaborative design and innovation. Design 2004, 8th International Design Conference, Design Society, Dubrovnik, Croatia, May 2004.
• F. Hacklin, C. Marxt, F. Fahrni (2004). Technology partner selection for collaborative innovation in production systems: a decision support system based approach. 13th International Working Seminar on Production Economics, Igls/Innsbruck, Austria, February 2004.
• F. Hacklin (2003). Convergence implications on strategy: the innovator’s dilemma in ICT. Nokia AG, country management board, Zurich, Switzerland, December 2003.
• F. Hacklin, C. Marxt (2003). Assessing R&D management strategies for wireless applications in a converging environment. The R&D Management Conference 2003 (RADMA), Manchester, England, July 2003.
• A. Backholm, F. Hacklin (2002). Estimating the 3G convergence effect on the future role of application-layer mobile middleware solutions: scenarios and strategies for business application providers in 3G and beyond. 2002 International Conference on Third Generation Wireless and Beyond (3Gwireless'02), World Wireless Congress, San Francisco, USA, May 2002.